economic importance of family poaceae

Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. it is the combination of three characteristics of the grass family. Poaceae, formerly called Gramineae, grass family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, a division of the order Poales. The centres of early domestication of the major cereals were the sites of other cultivated grasses as well, the most notable being the millets: proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica) in Asia; pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum) and finger millet (Eleusine coracana) in Africa and India; and Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) in Asia. Use as food. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE: (1) Most plants i.e. the spikelets consist of two or fewer bracts at base. Fire is pervasive in natural grasslands—early settlers of the North American grasslands, for example, recorded spectacular annual fires—and beneficial in that a fire recycles nutrients bound in dead plants into the soil for use by living plants.  Members of this family are good source of food, wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane etc  Use as food of animals, e.g fodder for cattle and sheeps etc. Young shoots of several species of Bambusa, Dendrocalamus, and Phyllostachys are important vegetables in the daily diet of the peoples of China, Japan, and Taiwan and a gourmet item in other parts of the world. The common species of pulses are Grain, Pea, and Kidney bean. The upper bract is called a lemma. (Some investigators believe the domestication of barley may have originated in Ethiopia.) Grasses dominate large expanses of the middle of continents, such as the North American prairies, South American pampas, African veld, and Eurasian steppes. Economic Importance of Poaceae lies for both men and animals. Aromatic oils: Certain grasses give aromatic oil e.g. Every part of this plant body is used in some way or the other. Corn breeders have exploited the vigour inherent in hybrid lines to generate tremendous yields of the grain. 2007 FNANM:24 Unabridged Reference: Hitchcock 1951 Manual grasses US, USDA Misc Publ … These fruits are used in bakery and confectioneries. Britannica Kids Holiday Bundle. It encloses the flower. 2. Almost half of the world’s rice cultivation takes place in China and India and less than 1 percent in the United States. Natural forces, such as windstorms or fire, may disturb forests and other vegetation not dominated by grasses and thereby open a habitat for weedy grasses. No single climate generates grasslands; they develop in areas with wide ranges of rainfall (from semiarid to subhumid) and temperature. Ironically, most crop grasses were originally successful weeds. Food: All the cereals and millets belong to this family. For 15 families with species of economic value, we found no genome sequences have as yet been published, most of them in the six orders containing species of economic value but with no published sequences. They may be terrestrial or aquatic. Common name: Mustard family Number of genera:This family includes 375 genera and about 3200 species. The unit of its inflorescence is called spikelet. Nevertheless, many grasses normally grow in the understory of temperate and tropical forests. Ropes: Fibers are obtained from the leaves of Saccharum munja. They have the following characteristic features: 1. At least 300 grass species are known to be harvested in the wild as cereals, and about 35 are or have been domesticated. Economic Importance. Corn can be ground into tortillas, an unleavened “bread,” parched, or prepared with wood ashes or shells to make a hominy. These plants are: Fodders Most of the fodders of the animals also belongs to this family. (4) Paper is manufactured from grasses and bamboo. Consequently, fusion of three or more complete sets of chromosomes produce offspring that may be incapable of reproducing with the parent strain and thus constitute a new species. The domestication of rice dates to about 4000 bc in mainland Southeast Asia (Thailand, Myanmar [Burma], and South China). The family comprises of about 500 genera and 4500 species including such as Avena sativa (Oat – Jai, Barley) commonly distributed in temperate region, but are also found in tropical and sub-trope! Phoenix dactyliferais grown in north-west India. Threshing and winnowing—the separation of chaff from grain—is far easier when the hull separates freely from the grain, as in the cultivated tetraploid macaroni wheat (T. durum), a major commercial wheat species. Their spilled stems are woven into mats, fans, hats, and course umbrella. Taproots are modified into tubers. Poaceae – Grass Family. It gives lemongrass oil. Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) petals yield an orange dye and the oil is used for the manufacture of soap, dye, varnish and is also edible. It provides the major cereal crops and most of the grazing for wild and domestic herbivores. While their leaves are given to horses for curing cough and cold. The family has been divided on economic basis as follows: Food: Pulses are rich in proteins. No single climate generates grasslands; they develop in areas with wide ranges of rainfall (from semiarid to subhumid) and temperature. These remarkably adaptable plants play significant, sometimes dominant, roles in many plant communities, such as freshwater and saltwater marshes, tundras, meadows, and disturbed habitats. Characteristics of Solanaceae Family Plants and their Economic Importance, Characteristics of Rosaceae Family Plants and their Economic Importance, Characteristics of Mimosaceae Family PlantsAnd Their Economic Importance, Characteristics of Fabaceae Family Plants and Economic Importance, Caesalpiniaceae Family Plants Characteristics and Examples, Class Angiospermae: Generation Alternation, Classification, and Angiospermic Families, Difference between Endospore and Exospore, Difference between biotic and abiotic factors, Parts of Small intestine and their Functions, Roles of Essential Elements And Nutritional Disorders of Plants, Importance of Phylum Porifera/Sponges With Examples & Characteristics, Binomial Nomenclature or Binary Nomenclature in Biology, Structure of Bacteria with Respiration, Reproduction, and Growth. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The leaves may be evergreen or deciduous and are all basal or alternate, and usually much longer than wide. Most grasses produce an edible grain, the bulk of which, the endosperm, provides a rich source of carbohydrates for the germinating embryo. Persistence of grasslands depends on the exclusion of competing woody species that would supplant the grasses. Domestication of sugarcane is thought to have occurred in Southeast Asia after it was discovered that the stem is a rich source of sugar. From the beginning of their domestication, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), oats (Avena sativa), and rye (Secale cereale) in the Middle East; sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in Africa; rice (Oryza sativa) in Southeast Asia; and corn (maize [Zea mays]) in Central America have supported the rise of many civilizations. Abstract. Gynoecium: They have a compound pistil with three united carpels. There are 158 genera and 492 species of this family in Pakistan. Like sorghum, all these so-called minor cereals belong to the Chloridoideae or Panicoideae. Grasses have adapted to the full range of environmental extremes occupied by plants, from the coldest regions and highest elevations where plants grow to equatorial heat, and from fully aquatic habitats to deserts. Propagation type:Fruit, partial fruit, seed Distribution: The species of this family are distributed throughout the world but are abundant in North Temperate Zone with Mediterranean as major center. They are found almost all over the world in varying sizes, varying types and with specific genera features, most even specific to continents. The following section provides a brief description of 25 important plant families. Boa, Festuca etc. So these plants of family poaceae have ornamental significance / importance. With 11,337 species, members of the Poaceae are found on every continent except for Antarctica. 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